- J. R. D. Tata founded Tata Airlines in 1932 as a division of Tata Sons Ltd. (now Tata Group).
- After World War II, regular commercial service was restored in India, Tata Airlines changing its name to Air India and becoming a public limited company on the 29th of July, 1946.
- On the 8th of June, 1948, Air India introduced a regular service from Bombay to London, and two years later, Air India started regular flights to Nairobi.
- In 1954, with the delivery of its first L-1049 Super Constellations, Air India inaugurated services to Tokyo, Bangkok, Hong Kong and Singapore.
- In 1960, with the introduction of the first Boeing 707-420 aircraft, Air India started using jets, and two years later, in June 1962, it became world's first all-jet airline.
- In 1970, Air India moved its offices to downtown Bombay.
- In 1986, Air India took delivery of the Airbus A310-300, and now is the largest operator of this type in passenger service.
- In 1988, the company started using two Boeing 747-300Ms in mixed passenger-cargo configuration.
- In 1993, Air India's first Boeing 747-400, named Konark, operated the first non-stop flight between New York City and Delhi.
- In 1996, Air India started using its second US gateway at O'Hare International Airport in Chicago.
- Three years later, the airline opened its dedicated Terminal 2-C at the newly renamed Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport in Mumbai.
- Services to Shanghai and to Air India's third US gateway at Newark Liberty International Airport in Newark were introduced in the year 2000.
- Air India was invited to join Star Alliance in 2007, and is set to become a full member in 2010.
- On the 1st of March, 2009, Air India made Frankfurt Airport its European Hub for its transatlantic North American Operations.
- Since its operations were initiated, Air India managed to achieve a record of about 6.82 fatal events per million flights. First such accident happened in November, 1950, all 48 people on board dying, and the last one, on the 23rd of June, 1985, when a a Boeing 747-237B was blown up in mid-air by a suitcase-bomb and all 307 passengers and 22 crew on board perished.